Neurology, distilled.

To determine the intra-individual variability of time to CD19+ B-cell repopulation after each ocrelizumab dose when using CD19+ B-cell guided interval dosing in relapsing MS, as a subgroup analysis of the ongoing BLOOMS randomised trial.

Time from last ocrelizumab dose to CD19+ B-cell repopulation ≥ 0.01 × 10^9 cells/L varied widely between individuals (range 20.6–72.1 weeks; mean 32.8 ± 7.0)

To evaluate the effectiveness and safety of ocrelizumab in self-identified Black and Hispanic people with relapsing multiple sclerosis, populations historically underrepresented in pivotal MS trials.

50.5% of CHIMES participants achieved NEDA-3 at week 48 and 46.7% at week 96 (vs 55.5% and 48.5% in OPERA I/II)

To perform a pooled individual patient-level data meta-analysis of two randomized sham-controlled trials to characterize with greater statistical power the effect of electromagnetic network-targeted field (ENTF) brain stimulation therapy on disability and recovery after subacute ischemic stroke.

Freedom-from-disability (mRS 0-1) at 8-12 weeks was higher with active ENTF than sham (33.8% vs 11.9%; P=0.005)

To determine whether low-dose ticagrelor (60 mg twice daily) plus aspirin is superior to clopidogrel plus aspirin for preventing early neurological deterioration (END) within 7 days in patients with high-risk non-disabling ischemic cerebrovascular events (HR-NICE), without increasing bleeding risk.

Among patients with HR-NICE treated within 24 hours of onset, low-dose ticagrelor (60 mg BID) plus aspirin significantly reduced early neurological deterioration within 7 days and improved 90-day excellent functional outcome versus clopidogrel plus aspirin, without increasing bleeding risk. This regimen offers a viable alternative DAPT strategy where CYP2C19 rapid genotyping is unavailable.

To explore the effects of motor imagery (MI) and action observation (AO), each combined with standard rehabilitation, on walking, fatigue, and trunk control in people with multiple sclerosis (pwMS).

In ambulatory pwMS with EDSS <4.0, adding 20 minutes of MI or AO to standard rehabilitation produced significantly greater improvements in walking distance and fatigue than standard rehabilitation alone, with no superiority between MI and AO and no significant between-group difference in trunk control (though TIS improved numerically across all groups). Findings are exploratory and require confirmation in larger, adequately powered trials.

To evaluate the feasibility, clinical efficacy, and assessment capabilities of MultiSensy — a multimodal platform integrating immersive virtual reality with synchronous transcutaneous sensory neurostimulation — for upper-limb sensorimotor recovery in chronic stroke.

MultiSensy produced significantly greater upper-limb motor improvement than conventional rehabilitation: FMA-UE 13.17 ± 1.30 vs 7.54 ± 1.48 (P = 0.01)

To assess whether task-oriented (TO) upper-limb rehabilitation, with or without non-immersive virtual reality, improves upper limb function and induces brain plasticity in progressive multiple sclerosis patients on B-cell depleting therapy.

In progressive MS patients on B-cell depleting therapy, task-oriented rehabilitation (with or without non-immersive VR) did not improve the primary 9-HPT outcome; ABILHAND and ARAT-left improved across the whole sample without between-group differences, and only ARAT-right at T2 favored TO over CG (TO-VR vs CG was a trend). Both TO-VR and TO induced increased functional connectivity that correlated with ABILHAND improvement.

To report 5-year safety and functional outcomes of delandistrogene moxeparvovec gene therapy in ambulatory patients with Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) from the phase 1/2a Study 101, with post hoc comparisons to propensity-score-weighted external controls and natural history predictions.

All 4 treated patients (mean age 10.2 years) remained ambulant at 5 years post-infusion